Books

Ito, E. (Ed.). (2021). Sport tourism: The impact of mega events in Japan. Center for Tourism Research, Wakayama University.

Higham, J., & Hinch, T. (2020). Supotsu tsurizumu nyumon [Sport tourism development (3rd ed.)] (E. Ito & S. Yamaguchi, Trans.). Koyo Shobo.

Ito, E. (2018). Meanings of leisure in Japan. Koyo Shobo.

 

Book Chapters

Kono, S., & Ito, E. (2024). Leisure in Japan. In M. Stodolska, D. Scott, & T. Liechty, Leisure matters: Exploring leisure in a changing world. Sagamore-Venture.

Ito, E. (2023). Community development through sports. In Sasakawa Sports Foundation (Ed.), White paper of sports 2023 (pp. 197-200). Sasakawa Sports Foundation. (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2022). Consumer behaviors among sport tourists. In M. Harada (Ed.), Sport tourism as practice (pp. 29-36). Gakugei Shuppansha. (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2022). Sport tourism leveraged by local resources. In M. Harada (Ed.), Sport tourism as practice (pp. 37-44). Gakugei Shuppansha. (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Hikoji, K., & Chogahara, M. (2022). Baseball heritage in Japan: A case of the Masters Koshien. In G. Ramshaw, & S. Gammon, Baseball and cultural heritage (pp. 113-127). University Press of Florida.

Ito, E. (2021). Sport tourism development. In M. Harada (Ed.), Understanding the sports industry (7h ed.) (pp. 162-171). Kyorin Shoin. (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2021). Local revitalization and sport events. In H. Nogawa (Ed.), Sport event certification (pp. 122-130). Japan Association for the Promotion of Creative Events. (in Japanese)

Ito, E., & Hinch, T. (2020). A systematic review of sport tourism research in Japan. In R. Sharpley, & K. Kato (Eds.), Tourism development in Japan: Themes, issues and challenges (pp. 82-101). Routledge.

Ikeji, T., Ito, E., Fairley, S., & Yamaguchi, S. (2018). Japan. In K. Hallmann, & S. Fairley (Eds.), Sports volunteers around the globe: Meaning and understanding of volunteering and its societal impact (pp. 125-135). Springer.

Ito, E. (2018). Tradition and culture of lifelong sport. In M. Kawanishi, & H. Nogawa (Eds.), Handbook of lifelong sport (4th ed.) (pp. 5-8). Ichimura. (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2018). Culture, ideal affect, and sport tourist motivations (case study). In J. Higham, & T. Hinch (Eds.), Sport Tourism Development (3rd edition) (pp. 51-52). Channel View Publications.

Ito, E. (2016). Tourism and emotion. In S. Ohashi, Y. Yamada, & K. Kanda (Eds.), Introduction to tourism studies (pp. 174-179). Nakanishiya. (in Japanese) 

 

Academic Publications (Supervised individuals underlined)

Ito, E. (in press). Toward the systematic development of lifelong sports studies: Analyzing research trends in lifelong sports studies using a typology of research approaches in leisure studies. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports. (in Japanese)

Konda, S., Ito, E., & Koizumi, K. (in press). The relationships of social impact, spectator satisfaction, behavioral intention among rugby spectators: The case of JAPAN RUGBY LEAGUE ONE MIE Honda HEAT spectators. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports. (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2023). Aikido tourism development in Tanabe, Wakayama, Japan. Tourism Cases. https://doi.org/10.1079/tourism.2023.0042

Yamaguchi, S., & Ito, E. (2023). Relationships between event involvement and participation intention at Ako City Marathon Online Event. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 20(1), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.2023-7 (in Japanese)

Enomoto, S., & Ito, E. (2023). Differences in immersion and intention to visit through VR tourism between with and without music. Tourism Studies, 29, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.19002/AA12438820.29.1 (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2023). Predicting Japanese sport tourist behaviour: An extension of theory of planned behaviour with tourism ideal affect. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 27(3), 187-203. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2234889

Ota, A., Kawanishi, T., & Ito, E. (2023). Brazilian immigrants' constraints when attending Nagoya Frampus games and its relationships with their demographics. Journal of Eventology, 6(1), 17-28. (in Japanese)

Kono, S., Ito, E., Okayasu, I., & Gui, J. (2023). Understanding how sports relate to hedonic and eudaimonic well-being among Japanese university students. International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure, 6(1), 27-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41978-022-00114-w

Ito, E., & Kono, S. (2023). Ideal positive affect among Japanese sport tourists: A case of masters games participants. Wakayama Tourism Review, 4, 10-12. https://doi.org/10.19002/24363839.4.10

Ito, E., & Higham, J. (2023). An evidence-base for reducing the CO2 emissions of national mega sports events: Application of the three-hub model to the Japan 2019 Rugby World Cup. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2177301

Ito, E., Kono, S., & Gui, J. (2023). Psychological consequences of tourism ideal affect. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(3), 468-479. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.2023479

Koshiba, K., Yamamoto, K., Ito, E., & Okyudo, M. (2022). Realism of dome videos across dome shapes and screen illuminances: A case of the dome video screening about the mega sport event. Tourism Studies, 27, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.19002/AA12438820.27.1 (in Japanese)

Kono, S., Ito, E., & Gui, J. (2022). Leisure’s relationships with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in daily life: An experience sampling approach. Leisure Sciences. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2022.2102097

Ito, E., Higham, J., & Cheer, J. M. (2022). Carbon emission reduction and the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 3(2), 100056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annale.2022.100056

Ito, E., & Cheer, J. M. (2022). Everyday cycling mobilities and tourist behaviour: The emergence of cycle tourism as COVID-secure activity. Journal of Responsible Tourism Management, 2(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.47263/JRTM.02-01-02  

Ito, E., & Kono, S. (2022). Constraints to and constraint negotiation for leisure-time physical activity: Cultural similarities and differences between Japanese and Euro-Canadian adults. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 18(2), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.2021-7 (in Japanese)

Kono, S., Ito, E., & Loucks-Atkinson, A. (2022). Are leisure constraints models reflective or formative?: Evidence from confirmatory tetrad analyses. Leisure Sciences, 44(1), 55-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1474508

Yamaguchi, S., ＆ Ito, E. (2021). Conceptualization of perceived risk from the participant perspective in trail running events. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 19, 102-109. https://doi.org/10.5432/ijshs.202125

Ito, E., & Yabutani, R. (2021). Relationships between specialization factors and sport and video game experiences among e-sport players. Journal of Japan Society of Sports Industry, 31(4), 457-464. https://doi.org/10.5997/sposun.31.4_457 (in Japanese)

Kono, S., ＆ Ito, E. (2021). Effects of leisure constraints and negotiation on activity enjoyment: A forgotten part of the leisure constraints theory. Annals of Leisure Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2021.1949737

Ito, E. (2021). Understanding cultural variations in outdoor tourism behaviors for outdoor sport tourism development: A case of the Blue Mountains National Park. Tourism Planning & Development, 18(3), 371-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2020.1807401

Ito, E., & Hikoji, K. (2021). Relationships of involvement and interdependent happiness between domestic and international Japanese masters games tourists. Annals of Leisure Research, 24(2), 262-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2019.1610665

Ito, E. (2021). Constraints to everyday cycle sport tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Wakayama Tourism Review, 1, 15-17. http://doi.org/10.19002/24363839.1.15

Kono, S., Ito, E., & Loucks-Atkinson, A. (2021). The measurement model of leisure constraint negotiation in leisure-time physical activity context: Reflective or formative? Journal of Leisure Research, 52(1), 120-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1745720

Ito, E., & Kono, S. (2021). Constraints and constraint negotiation of Japanese Masters Games participants based on the subjective typology. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 17(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.17.2_29 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., & Kono, S. (2021). Awe-inspiring experiences while walking on the World Heritage pilgrimage route, Kumano Kodo. Tourism Studies, 24, 1-8. http://doi.org/10.19002/AA12438820.24.1 (in Japanese)

Murano, M., & Ito, E. (2021). Current situations and challenges of online programs in tourism studies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tourism Studies, 24, 49-57. http://doi.org/10.19002/AA12438820.24.49 (in Japanese)

Murano, M., Kobayashi, M., & Ito, E. (2020). Online event management about international webinar series in tourism studies. Journal of Eventology, 4(1), 57-62. (in Japanese)

Kojima, K., & Ito, E. (2020). Involvement with the masters games participation and interdependent happiness across leisure participation patterns among Japanese international masters games participants: A case study of the Asia Pacific Masters Games 2018 in Penang. Journal of Eventology, 4(1), 27-38. (in Japanese)

Ito, E., & Higham, J. (2020). Supplemental tourism activities: A conceptual framework to maximise sport tourism benefits and opportunities. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 24(4), 269-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2020.1850322

Ito, E. (2020). Relationships of involvement and interdependent happiness across a revised Masters Games participant typology. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 24(4), 235-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2020.1824799

Hu, R., & Ito, E. (2020). Ideal and tourism affect among Mainland Chinese tourists in Hokkaido, Japan: A comparison between tourists with and without ski experience. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 18, 247-252. https://doi.org/10.5432/ijshs.202012

Yamaguchi, S., & Ito, E. (2020). Risk management of organizers in trail running events: A qualitative study of the risk and risk countermeasures. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 17(1), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.17.1_13 (in Japanese)

Ito, E. (2020). Development of supplemental tourism itineraries and relationships between tourism satisfaction and psychological experience at the Nenrinpic Kinokuni Wakayama 2019. Tourism Studies, 23, 55-65. https://doi.org/10.19002/AA12438820.23.55 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Loucks-Atkinson, A., & Kono, S. (2020). Introduction of the special issue “a social psychology of leisure 2.0". Journal of Leisure Research, 51(5), 511-516. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1807827

Kono, S., Ito, E., & Loucks-Atkinson, A. (2020). Concluding the special issue “a social psychology of leisure 2.0". Journal of Leisure Research, 51(5), 643-649. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1807832

Ito, E., Hikoji, K., & Yamaguchi, S. (2020). Relationships between ideal positive affect and repurchase intention among sport event spectators: A case of B.LEAGUE Osaka Evessa spectators. Journal of Japan Society of Sports Industry, 30(2), 207-213. https://doi.org/10.5997/sposun.30.2_207 (in Japanese)

Kono, S., Ito, E., Walker, G. J., & Gui, J. (2020). Predictive power of leisure constraint-negotiation models within the leisure-time physical activity context: A partial least squares structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Leisure Research, 51(3), 325-347. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2019.1687266

Ito, E. (2020). Sport tourism policies in Japan after the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020. Tourism Studies Review, 8(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.32170/tourismstudies.8.1_45 (in Japanese)

Kono, S., Ito, E., & Gui, J. (2020). Empirical investigation of the relationship between serious leisure and meaning in life among Japanese and Euro-Canadians. Leisure Studies, 39(1), 131-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2018.1555674

Nagano, A., & Ito, E. (2020). Psychological skills and sport value orientation among kyudo college athletes. Japan Journal for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance in Universities, 17, 70-78.  (in Japanese)

Yamaguchi, S., & Ito, E. (2020). The influence of event satisfaction on destination awareness, image, and loyalty in a city marathon: Construction of participant-based brand equity for a destination. Journal of Japan Society of Sports Industry, 30(1), 13-30. https://doi.org/10.5997/sposun.30.1_13 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Kono, S., & Walker, G. J. (2020). Development of cross-culturally informed leisure-time physical activity constraint and constraint negotiation typologies: The case of Japanese and Euro-Canadian adults. Leisure Sciences, 42(5/6), 411-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1446064

Ito, E., & Kono, S. (2019). Similarities and differences in constraints and constraint negotiation among Japanese sport tourists: A case of masters games participants. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 23(2/3), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2019.1702582

Ito, E., & Fujimori, M. (2019). Motivation for marathon event participation and tourism activities among participants in the Suwako Marathon: A comparison between sport tourists and sport excursionists who travel with or without companions. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 16(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.16.2_1 (in Japanese)

Kojima, K., & Ito, E. (2019). The relationships between involvement with the masters games participation and interdependent happiness among masters games participants across leisure participation patterns: A case study with an online survey design. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 16(1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.16.1_11 (in Japanese)

Takamatsu, S., Yamaguchi, S., & Ito, E. (2019). Relationships between motivation of the cycling event participants and management cooperation, re-participation intention, and word-of-mouth. Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science, 28, 1-6. (in Japanese)

Kojima, K., Ito, E., Yoshimura, M., Fujimori, M., & Sakamoto, N. (2019). Constraints to supplemental tourism activities among Japanese outbound sport tourists: A case study of Japanese participants in the Asia Pacific Masters Games 2018 Penang. Tourism Studies, 21, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.19002/AA12438820.21.27 (in Japanese)

Kono, S., Walker, G. J., Ito, E., & Hagi, Y. (2019). Theorizing leisure’s roles in the pursuit of ikigai (life worthiness): A mixed-methods approach. Leisure Sciences, 41(4), 237-259. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2017.1356255

Ito, E., Walker, G. J., Mitas, O., & Liu, H. (2019). Cultural similarities and differences in the relationship between types of leisure activity and happiness in Canadian, Chinese, and Japanese university students. World Leisure Journal, 61(1), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2018.1535449

Ito, E., Walker, G. J., & Kono, S. (2019). A comparison of immediate and retrospective affective reports in leisure contexts. Journal Leisure Research, 50(1), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2018.1552486

Hinch, T., & Ito, E. (2018). Research, lifelong sport, and travel: Sustainable sport tourism in the prefecture of Okinawa. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports. 15(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.15.2_1

Ito, E., Yamaguchi, S., & Takamatsu, S. (2018). Application of the affect valuation theory to re-participation intention and word-of-mouth in the cycle sport event. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 15(2), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.15.15 (in Japanese)

Hikoji, K., & Ito, E. (2018). Constraints and constraint negotiation among international masters games participants: A report on Japanese participants in the World Masters Games 2017 Auckland. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 15(2), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.15.49 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Walker, G. J., & Mannell, B. (2018). Discrepancies between Japanese undergraduate students' ideal affect and actual affect in social contexts and life domains. International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure, 1(3), 227-240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41978-018-0015-9

Ito, E., & Hikoji, K. (2018). Constraints and constraint negotiation when participating in domestic and international masters games. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 16, 120-127. https://doi.org/10.5432/ijshs.201734 

Nagano, S., & Ito, E. (2018). Multiphase affective experience during walking on Kumano Kodo. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 15(1), 11-23. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.15.11 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., & Walker, G. J. (2018). Relationships among self-construal, control, and positive affect in Japanese undergraduate students’ leisure experience. World Leisure Journal, 60(1), 14-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2017.1278716

Hinch, T., & Ito, E. (2018). Sustainable sport tourism in Japan. Tourism Planning & Development, 18(1), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2017.1313773

Yamaguchi, S., Takamatsu, S., Ito, E., & Okayasu, I. (2017). Sustainable sport tourism development in a semi-mountainous area: A case study of outdoor sports in Yoshino River. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 14(2), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.14.41_52 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Yamaguchi, S., Yamaguchi, Y., Ito, K., & Takami, A. (2017). A review of the establishment process in sport commission in Japan: A case study of Saitama, Niigata, and Fukuoka cities. Journal of Eventology, 2(1), 13-18. (in Japanese)

Ito, E., & Hinch, T. (2017). A systematic review of sport tourism research in Japan. Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, 62, 773-787. https://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.17007 (in Japanese) 

Uenoyama, Y., & Ito, E. (2017). Perceived benefits of sport participation for people with dementia: A case study of the running events in Wakayama. Journal of Asiania Sport for All, 14(1), 4-12.

Terada, T., Boulé, N. G., Forhan, M., Prado, C., Kenny, G., Prud’homme, D., Ito, E., & Sigal, R. J. (2017). Cardiometabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes with high fat and low muscle mass: At baseline and in response to exercise. Obesity, 25(5), 881-891. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21808

Ito, E., Walker, G. J., Liu, H., & Mitas, O. (2017). A cross-cultural/national study of Canadian, Chinese, and Japanese university students' leisure satisfaction and subjective well-being. Leisure Sciences, 39(2), 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2016.1165637

Walker, G. J., & Ito, E. (2017). Mainland Chinese Canadian immigrants' leisure satisfaction and subjective well-being: Results of a two year longitudinal study. Leisure Sciences, 39(2), 174-185. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2016.1156040

Ito, E., & Walker, G. J. (2016). Cultural commonality and specificity in Japanese and Euro-Canadian undergraduate students’ leisure experiences: An exploratory study on control and positive affect. Leisure Sciences, 38(3), 249-267. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2015.1092403

Ito, E., Yamaguchi, S., Okayasu, I., Kitamura, K., & Walker, G. J. (2016). Effects of motivation and constraint on the outdoor recreation participation of late adolescents: Cultural similarities and differences between Japan and Canada. Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, 61, 11-27. https://doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.15026 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Yamaguchi, S., Okayasu, I., & Walker, G. J. (2015). Similarities and differences in outdoor recreation constraints between proactive and reactive response groups. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 12(2), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.12.2_25 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Walker, G. J., & Liang, H. (2014). A systematic review of non-Western and cross-cultural/national leisure research. Journal of Leisure Research, 46(2), 226-239. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2014.11950322

Ito, E., & Walker, G. J. (2014). Similarities and differences in leisure conceptualizations between Japan and Canada and between Japanese leisure-like terms. Leisure/Loisir, 38(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2014.880613

Mannell, B., Walker, G. J., & Ito, E. (2014). Ideal affect, actual affect, and affect discrepancy during leisure and paid work. Journal of Leisure Research, 46(1), 13-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2014.11950311

Okayasu, I., Ito, E., & Yamaguchi, S. (2013). Relationship between lifelong sport/leisure and community in Alberta, Canada. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 9(1/2), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.14838/jjls.9.1-2_49 (in Japanese)

Ito, E., Walker, G. J., & Nogawa, H. (2011). The Americanization of Japanese professional baseball fans: The case of Bobby Valentine and the Chiba Lotte Marines. Journal of Asiania Sport for All, 11(1), 108-124.

Ito, E., Nogawa, H., Kitamura, K., & Walker, G. J. (2011). The role of leisure in the assimilation of Brazilian immigrants into Japanese society: Acculturation and structural assimilation through judo participation. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9, 8-14. https://doi.org/10.5432/ijshs.20100019

Ito, E., & Nogawa, H. (2009). Needs of spectator satisfaction and seating preference factors on the basis of seating zone: The case study of the Chiba Lotte Marines. Japanese Journal of Lifelong Sports, 6(2), 27-37. (in Japanese)

 

Research Grant

Yamaguchi, S., & Ito, E. (2023-2026). The role of place meaning in promoting heritage sport tourism at the Hakone Ekiden (23K10703). Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), JPY4,680,000.

Ito, E. (2019-2023). Psychologically deep experience while walking on the World Heritage pilgrimage route, Kumano Kodo (19K20568). Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists) & System Reform Creating the Grant-in-Aid Fund, JPY7,290,000.

Ito, E. (2019-2020). Application of the affect valuation theory to Japanese tourist behavior. CTR Research Project Support (Fund C), JPY 500,000.

Ito, E., Kono, S., Gui, J., & Walker, G. J. (2018-2019). The effects of sport participation on ikigai and happiness in daily life: Experience sampling method with smartphones for late adolescents. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY1,000,000.

Hinch, T., & Ito, E. (2018-2019). Research, lifelong sport, and travel: Exploring pathways to sustainability. CTR Research Project Support (Fund C), JPY500,000.

Ito, E., Kono, S., Okayasu, I., & Walker, G. J. (2017-2018). The effects of sports on ikigai (life worthiness) through social factors in community sport clubs: A cross-cultural study between Japan and Canada. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY980,000.

Ito, E. (2016-2019). Understanding Japanese sport tourist behaviors in international and domestic masters games (16K21172). Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists B), JPY3,900,000.

Ito, E., Kono, S., & Walker, G. J. (2016-2017). Theorizing effects of sports on ikigai (life worthiness) among Japanese late adolescents: An advancement of a grounded theory using PLS-SEM. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY1,000,000.

Yamaguchi, S., Fairley, S., & Ito, E. (2016-2017). Understanding conceptualizations of Japanese volunteers: Building a culture of sport volunteers. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY1,000,000.

Ito, E., Okayasu, I., Acharya, B. P., & Kudo, Y. (2015-2016). License systems in sports tourism and its impacts on local employment in Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY500,000.

Ito, E. (2014-2016). Cultural similarities and differences in the effects of constraints to and constraint negotiation of leisure-time physical activity on psychological well-being (26882037). Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Research Activity Start-up), JPY2,730,000.

Okayasu, I., Walker, G. J., Ito, E., & Yamaguchi, S. (2013-2014). Outdoor recreation participation and environmental attitudes among late adolescents: Cross-cultural research between Japan and Canada. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY980,000.

Okayasu, I., Ito, E., Walker, G. J., Yamaguchi, S., & Nogawa, H. (2012-2013). Late adolescent sport activities and its psychological effects: A cross-cultural study between Japan and Canada. Sasakawa Sports Foundation, JPY900,000.